Consumir x Produzir

O modelo atual do Brasil, estimulando o consumo, pode não se sustentar caso não haja estímulo similar para a melhoria da produtividade

André Carvalho*

Eu deparei essa semana com (mais) uma surpresa: no estacionamento em que mantenho vaga de mensalista, da noite para o dia, houve a decisão de aumentar em cerca de 20% seu valor, já vigorando este mês para novos e velhos clientes. Ainda tentei argumentar, citando ao gerente que minha renda não havia sofrido esta incrível correção, mas ele foi enfático: “Pois é chefia, tá tudo aumentando, nós também. É o que vale”.

Ainda que os indicadores oficiais amenizem a situação, é fato que o consumidor tem percebido em seu bolso os efeitos da inflação. E medidas coercitivas no mercado, como o aumento de juros e aliquotas de tributos, podem resolver o problema? Acredito que não.

Reparem no carnaval. Saímos de um momento extremamente aquecido em vendas,
tanto pelo natal passado (embalado desde o fatídico “Black Friday” Brasileiro) quanto pelo início de ano (em que pesem, IPVA, reajustes de IPTU, matrícolas escolares e respectivos materiais, dentre tantos outros ítens), mas o que se viu nas ruas foi uma enxurrada de adereços, compra significativa de bebidas, viagens e tantos outros ítens de consumo. Aliás, falando em viagens, os brasileiros continuam gastando no exterior, enquanto as exportações caem vertiginosamente, a ponto de render o pior resultado histórico da balança comercial no mês passado. Preocupação?

Pelo que se vê do ponto de vista popular, não. Afinal, tem-se mantido a prerrogativa de que o importante é consumir (mesmo que ninguém se preocupe que a pergunta: “A que custo?”). Tanto que o varejo tem crescido, ainda que em índices reduzidos, mas bem maiores que a indústria. Mas se compramos mais e cada vez mais caro, e produzimos menos com custos cada vez mais caros, em algum ponto teremos um impasse.

Menos produção, menos renda, aumento de preços, menor capacidade de consumo. Como continuar consumindo tanto?

É passada a hora de mudar o modelo e estimular a produção. Não apenas em quantidade, mas em qualidade. Temos que dispor de indústrias de ponta, abraçar a referência em algum ramo, e acima de tudo, reduzir tributos para chegar a valores competitivos em escala global. Estimular o brasileiro a poupar e investir. Fazer negócios. Competir. Gerar uma base que garanta a capacidade interna de sustentar o consumo e possa despertar também o interesse de compradores internacionais.

Em um ano como este, onde o calendário é tão pouco favorável a produtividade, precisamos considerar ainda que também é ano de eleições, e estes fatores da economia são pontos importantes para popularizar. Afinal, quem não quer poder continuar gastando?

*André Carvalho é professor universitário, consultor e palestrante nas áreas motivacional e de empregabilidade. Passagem como executivo por grandes grupos empresariais de expressão nacional no sul e sudeste do país

Fonte: http://www.administradores.com.br/artigos/cotidiano/consumir-x-produzir/75984/

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